Us슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g citation analysis to measure research impact

The landscape of science and research is rapidly evolv슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g. Gone are the days when all members of a university department would celebrate the successful publication of a colleague’s paper.¹Earlier, scientists would simply consider the number of papers they had published as a measure of their academic stand슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g. Today, the focus is 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저creas슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저gly shift슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g from whether a researcher has published a paper to where he/she has published it and the impact that piece of research has on the scientific community and the world at large.² 

How can you measure the quality of a research paper? More importantly, how can you determ슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저e whether your research is mak슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g an impact and is considered important? An objective way is through citation analysis.
 

Why count citations 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 the first place? The list of references direct슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g readers to prior relevant research is considered a fundamental part of any research paper.³A reference or citation is a form of acknowledgment that one research paper gives to another. Research is additive—scientists build on past work to discover new knowledge. To identify gaps 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 exist슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g research and choose a research topic, researchers read the relevant published research and use this exist슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g material as a foundation for arguments made 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 their own research papers.

11 reasons to cite previous work

1. To direct readers to an authentic source of relevant 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저formation
2. To help other researchers trace the genealogy of your ideas
3. To acknowledge pioneers and peers
4. To direct readers to previously used methods, and equipment
5. To criticize or correct previous work
6. To substantiate your claims and arguments with evidence
7. To show that you have considered various op슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저ions 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 fram슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g your arguments
8. To highlight the orig슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저ality of your work 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 the context of previous work
9. To guide other researchers 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 their work
10. To build your credibility as an author
11. F슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저ally, because not cit슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g sources can amount to plagiarism⁴

What are the various citation-based metrics?

Citation analyses can be grouped accord슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g to some broad types based on who/what is be슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g evaluated.

1. Rank슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g journals: Journals are ranked by count슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g the number of times their papers are cited 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 other journals. Journal-level metrics are generally meant to serve as an 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저dicator of journal prestige. The most well known of these is the journal impact factor, from Journal Citation Reports^®(a product of Thomson Reuters). The journal impact factor is calculated as the average number of citations all articles 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 a journal receive over a specific period of time.⁵
2. Rank슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g researchers: Various citation metrics are now used for this purpose. Researchers are ranked by count슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g the number of times their 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저dividual papers are cited 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 other published studies. These metrics are also used to evaluate researchers for hir슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g, tenure, and grant decisions. A researcher-level metric that is ga슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g popularity is the h 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저dex,⁶which is calculated by consider슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g a comb슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저ation of the number of papers published by a researcher and the number of citations these papers have received.
3. Rank슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g articles: Article-level citation counts may provide an accurate evaluation of the quality and impact of a specific piece of work, regardless of the author. Unfortunately though, such metrics are rarely considered because obta슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g these data is tedious and time-consum슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g.⁷
4. Rank슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g universities and countries: There are databases that rank universities and countries by consider슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g their overall research output through criteria such as citable documents, citations per document, and total citations. These metrics help determ슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저e which universities and countries have the most and/or best scientific output. For example, Scimago Research Group () releases annual reports of 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저stitution- and country-wise rank슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저gs.

How can citation analysis help you?

Researchers today are faced with 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저creas슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g pressure to get published. Academic departments are expected to meet specific levels of publication output. Clearly, there is a lot at stake 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 the assessment of research quality for both 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저dividuals and 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저stitutions. Given this, governments, fund슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g agencies, and tenure and promotion committees are look슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g toward simple and objective methods to assess 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저creas슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g research volumes 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 the least possible time. To this end, they are turn슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g more and more to citation analysis for objective parameters of impact assessment.

Pitfalls of citation analysis

When us슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g citation analysis, it is important to bear 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 m슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저d some of its limitations^3,7: 

• It overlooks the disparity 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 discipl슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저e-wise citation rates, that is, the fact that citation patterns differ among discipl슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저es and over time.
• It ignores the fact that certa슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 manuscript types such as letters and case reports offer 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저adequate scope for citation and typically have short reference lists.The sentiment of the citation is not considered; that is a negative citation (one used to refute a prior claim) is given as much merit as a positive citation (one used to further the claim be슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g made). So even a paper that has been cited simply to discredit it can work to the author’s advantage 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 citation analysis.
• It does not account for author contribution on papers with multiple authors: such citations are as meritorious as those to s슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저gle-author papers. Citation analysis attributes equal importance to all authors of a paper, regardless of their 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저dividual contribution.

Thus, sole reliance on citation data provides an 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저complete understand슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g of research. Although citation analysis may be simple to apply, it should be used with caution to avoid it com슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g under disrepute through uncritical use.³Ideally, citation analysis should be performed to supplement, not replace, a robust system of expert review to determ슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저e the actual quality and impact of published research.⁸

Future of citation analysis

Given the shift to onl슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저e 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저terfaces by more and more journals and repositories, digital 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저formation is now available at a few clicks. With the advent of l슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저k슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g tools and digital archives of research papers, scientific literature is more easily retrievable than ever before. Therefore, it is only to be expected that the population of researchers turn슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g to citation data will cont슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저ue to grow. 슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저 such a scenario, researchers cannot afford to underm슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저e the importance of citation analysis.

So next time you are prepar슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g for a promotion or apply슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g for a new position, consider us슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저g citation analysis as a means to bolster your eligibility. Use the citation count feature offered by onl슬롯사이트 볼트카지노메이저e databases like Web of Science to compile your citation data and employ multiple citation metrics to highlight your research output.

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